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【陸軍裝甲】『陸軍武器』－ FSCS「未來偵察裝甲車」

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克里斯Chris

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發表於 07-5-29 18:05:10 |只看該作者 |降序瀏覽大字中字小字正體化简体化

Future Scout and Cavalry System (FSCS)
Tactical Reconnaissance Armoured Combat Equipment Requirement (TRACER)
Armored Scout and Reconnaissance Vehicle (ASRV)

An 07 July 1998 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the United States and the United Kingdom established the US Future Scout and Cavalry System (FSCS) / UK Tactical Reconnaissance Armoured Combat Equipment Requirement (TRACER) program. FSCS and TRACER are the national program names for a new Armored Scout and Reconnaissance Vehicle (ASRV) as specified in the MOU.

The FSCS conceptual system, intended for future scout and cavalry units, features a three-man vehicle crew, mast-mounted sensor package, semi-expendable Micro Aerial Vehicles (miniature UAVs) and Un-manned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) or robots. FSCS would be armed with a notional 40mm gun system for self protection. The sensor package for the FSCS itself and the robots may include both visual and thermal capability. The mast-mounted sensor would be able to elevate to a height of 5 meters to look over intervening terrain or pop-out of tree tops. The MAVs are employed similar to firing a round of ammunition. They would have electro-optical sensors and a limited range (10 kilometers or less) and endurance (approximately 15 minutes). They are intended to provide the scouts a look into the "next valley" capability before moving in a robot or FSCS.

The Future Scout and Cavalry System (FSCS) Advanced Technology Demonstration (1998–01) will demonstrate the feasibility and operational potential of an advanced lightweight vehicle chassis integrating scout–specific and advanced vehicle technologies developed in other technology–based programs. The effort will be fabricated and tested in virtual and real environments to evaluate and validate sensors/situational awareness capabilities and to develop scout tactics. The FSCS ATD will develop and demonstrate scout–specific mobility components such as electric drive, semi–active and fully active suspension, and band track. Other specific technologies that may be integrated into the scout platform include MFS3, advanced lightweight structural materials and armors, advanced crew stations, advanced C2, medium–caliber weapon, and advanced survivability systems. This effort will validate the inherent signature reduction of advanced mobility technologies.

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克里斯Chris

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發表於 07-5-29 18:07:03 |只看該作者大字中字小字正體化简体化載入全部圖片

FSCS部署與相關資料圖

Following 21 months of concentrated activity to set up the co-operative FSCS/TRACER program, the UK signed the Armoured Scout and Reconnaissance Vehicle Memorandum of Understanding on 07 July 1998. The US signed the document on 26 February 1998 but final UK approval was delayed until the UK Strategic Defence Review was concluded. An Invitation to Tender (ITT) for the Advanced Technology Demonstrator / Project Definition (ATD/PD) was issued to Industry on 09 July 1998 with a 75 calendar day tender response period.

The MoU itself covers the entire program although much of the detail for successive phases will be negotiated later on and published in supplements to the document. The ITT was issued to two Tenderers: SIKA International, a company formed for the program by Lockheed Martin and British Aerospace; and LANCER, a consortium led by GEC-Marconi. Both consortia comprise a mixture of US and UK companies to enable work to be shared equitably between the industries of both nations. The Joint Project Office (JPO) called for in the MoU is now formally established. It comprises two symmetrical elements, one at the UK’s Procurement Executive in Abbey Wood, Bristol, the other at the US Army’s Tank Automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) in Warren, Michigan. Technical advice to the JPO is provided by the US Tank Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) at Warren, supported by other US technical commands, and by the UK Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA).

By FY03 the ARDEC Advanced Light Armaments for Combat Vehicles (ALACV) STO will demonstrate 25/35mm ammunitions with 75% or greater improvement in lethality compared to conventional point detonating munitions and 20-40% improvement compared to existing KE & bursting munitions. The ALACV will develop two types of munitions (anti-personnel and anti-armor) to meet the Future Scout and Cavalry System (FSCS) and the Future Infantry Vehicle (FIV) lethality requirements.

The FSCS ATD will fast track in FY02 to the EMD phase of the FSCS program. FSCS is the replacement combat vehicle for the M1114 HMWWV in Armor and Mechanized Infantry Battalion Scout Platoons and the M3A2/3 CFV in Division and Regimental Cavalry Squadrons.

The Fiscal Year 2001 Army budget request included decisions to restructure or "divest" a number of programs in order to provide some of the resources to support its transformation to achieve the ambitious deployment goals outlined in the October 1999 Army Vision. The restructured programs are the Crusader and the Future Scout and Cavalry System. The "divestitures" include Heliborne Prophet (Air), MLRS Smart Tactical Rocket (MSTAR), Stinger Block II, Command and Control Vehicle (C2V), Grizzly, Wolverine, and the Army Tactical Missile System Block IIA. Funding for these programs was reallocated to fund the Army Vision transformation strategy.

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克里斯Chris

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發表於 07-5-29 18:08:01 |只看該作者大字中字小字正體化简体化載入全部圖片

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克里斯Chris

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發表於 07-5-29 18:08:39 |只看該作者大字中字小字正體化简体化載入全部圖片

FSCS數據

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克里斯Chris

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發表於 07-5-29 18:11:06 |只看該作者大字中字小字正體化简体化載入全部圖片

2006年美英合力推出快反部隊“基準戰車”

美英合資的SIKA國際公司研製的FSCS即“未來偵察裝甲車”已經進入樣車測試階段。測試顯示的情況令人非常滿意。FSCS充分體現了輕便、敏捷、耐久和先進的偵察能力，可提供隱形、全天候偵察和以前地面車輛所不具備的攻擊能力。英國國防大臣胡恩表示，FSCS將成為英國陸軍未來快速有效系統(FRES)戰車車族的基準車輛。

從目前公佈的方案來看，FSCS有3名乘員，配有感測器、無人地面車輛或機器人。它的車體為全焊接鋁合金裝甲結構，附加裝甲可根據不同需要更換。車體可抵禦12.7毫米穿甲彈的攻擊，乘員艙可防地雷。車頂部裝有煙幕彈發射器。乘員艙空調系統綜合了“三防”系統，有5天的獨立生存力。發動機室配有滅火和報警系統，可選自動和手動觸發。作為新型裝甲車輛，該車比較重視隱形性能，除了車體外形採用了隱形設計減小雷達反射以外，排氣裝置經過特殊設計，可將高溫廢氣與冷空氣充分混合降溫後再排出車外，很大程度上減小了車輛的紅外特徵。

FSCS偵察系統是綜合電子偵察系統，包括一個熱成像儀、CCD晝間攝像儀和鐳射測距儀。感測器探頭位於一個可伸縮的支架上，可以調整方向和高度。探頭最多可以伸到距車頂1.5米的高度，即距地面3.29米，增大了搜索角度和範圍。另外為了提高戰場生存能力，探頭可放在車外的支座上，由乘員在車內通過控制系統遠距離遙控。它配有GPS全球定位系統和慣性制導的車輛導航系統。這種複合制導比單一的制導方式更加準確。通過鐳射測距儀、方向高度測量系統和導航系統可以確定目標的坐標。FSCS還專門安裝了安全電視攝像機。駕駛員倒車時，可以發現車尾是否有自己的步兵躲避敵方火力，以免發生誤傷。

配有戰術指揮與控制系統，使FSCS偵察車能收集、存儲、處理、顯示和發佈重要戰場資訊，並制定和交流戰鬥計劃、命令以及雙方的狀況報告。數字化地圖清楚而直觀地顯示了本車、敵人的具體位置。這些數據經過處理後通過高頻/甚高頻無線電通訊系統在戰地網路內進行不斷交換和更新。

FSCS偵察車的鋁裝甲焊接炮塔外部附加鈦裝甲層，加挂陶瓷裝甲後可以防禦30毫米脫殼穿甲彈的攻擊。新型炮塔配有雙軸武器穩定系統，與晝用/熱成像瞄準具一起使用時有很高的首發命中率。它將安裝70倍口徑35毫米長身管機關炮，可發射威力巨大的“埋頭彈”，能在更遠的距離上攻擊更多的目標，並具有更高的首發命中率。“埋頭彈”無需彈鏈且外形規則，因此提高了彈藥艙空間的使用效率，裝彈量比同口徑常規彈藥增加50%。它採用碳化鎢長桿穿甲彈芯，炮口初速達到1.6公里/秒，可以有效侵徹複合裝甲，對1.5公里處均質裝甲的侵徹厚度超過150毫米，並具有顯著的二次效應，殺傷力比普通彈藥提高40%以上。它的供彈系統採用電力驅動，數字化控制。操作手可通過簡易控制面板在3秒鐘內完成彈種選擇。每發彈從彈藥艙裝入供彈系統僅需兩秒鐘。該車供彈簡單迅速，減輕了乘員的操作強度，提高了系統可靠性。

據報道，FSCS偵察車將在今年內完成一系列野外環境測試，包括感測器系統快速廣域搜索、行進間作戰、用升降吊艙進行遠距離識別等。FSCS偵察車的3人乘員將在實際環境中展示車輛對抗敵軍坦克和結構的能力。如果一切順利，美英陸軍考慮2006年將該車小批量列裝。

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克里斯Chris

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發表於 07-5-29 18:11:47 |只看該作者大字中字小字正體化简体化載入全部圖片

與英國聯合發展的有未來偵察和騎兵系統（FSCS），此計劃在英國稱做“機動直射火力裝備需求”（MODIFIER）計劃，擬於從2020年起代替“挑戰者”2坦克。德國現已開始實施新的先進武器系統計劃，排在其最前列的新型裝甲平臺計劃，根據計劃在2002年年底以前完成新型裝甲和電傳動裝置的技術論證，2005年年底以前進行該車的技術論證。

這幾種車輛的共同特點就是採用了大量的高新技術。另外，為了配合下一代新概念、高新技術裝甲裝備的發展，不少國家正在積極進行著坦克綜合傳感技術、高性能彈藥、隱形技術、電磁裝甲、電磁炮和定位導航等高新技術的研究與開發。積極開闢國際合作研製裝甲裝備的發展途徑，努力減少裝甲裝備發展中的投資風險和負擔國際合作研製比一國研製具有許多優越性。發達國家採取國際合作研製方法可以縮短研製周期，同時還可以優勢互補、減少各自的投資風險與負擔。西歐國家的研究表明，兩國合作研製一種武器裝備比一國獨立研製約節省30%的費用，多國聯合研製則可節省50%左右。發展中國家採用國際合作研製方法可以提高研製起點、縮小差距，可以獲取先進國家的國防科研和生產的經驗，提高本國軍工技術水平和生產能力，為發展本國軍事工業奠定基礎。因此，許多國家正在積極開闢國際合作發展裝甲兵武器裝備的途徑。

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【陸軍裝甲】 『 陸軍武器 』－ FSCS「未來偵察裝甲車」

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【陸軍裝甲】『陸軍武器』－ FSCS「未來偵察裝甲車」