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【海軍艦艇】《核子動力》CVN-65 企業號(Enterprise)航空母艦

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CVN-65 Enterprise
CVN-65 企業號航空母艦

原文：

At the commissioning of ENTERPRISE on September 24, 1960, the world's first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier was the mightiest warship to ever sail the seas. Enterprise is the longest carrier in the Navy at 1,123 feet. It is also the tallest (250 feet) and fastest (30+ nautical miles per hour) carrier in the fleet. She was built with a distinctive square island supporting phased-array radars and a complex EW system.

In August 1962 ENTERPRISE joined the Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean, and made its second and third deployments to the Mediterranean in 1963 and 1964. During the latter deployment, on May 13, the world's first nuclear-powered task force was formed when USS LONG BEACH and USS BAINBRIDGE joined ENTERPRISE. On July 31, the three ships were designated Task Force One and sent on "Operation Sea Orbit," a historic 30,565-mile voyage around the world, accomplished without a single refueling or replenishment. She was the first nuclear ship to enter combat when her aircraft struck targets in Vietnam, and she assisted in the evacuation of Saigon at the end of the Vietnam conflict.

In October 1964 ENTERPRISE returned to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company for its first refueling and overhaul. ENTERPRISE returned to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company in 1970 for an overhaul and second refueling. Following the 1973 cease-fire in Vietnam, ENTERPRISE proceeded to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash., where "Big E" was altered and refitted to support the Navy's newest fighter aircraft -- the F-14A "Tomcat."

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續:

The years 1979 to 1982 were spent at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard receiving a reconstructed island and numerous improvements. When first completed the island of the Enterprise had a very unique shaped structure consisting of a dome shaped top resting on a box, supporting SPS-32 and 33 radars, plus many ECM antennas, which were located on all four sides and top dome of the ship. These were all removed during retrofit, and the island was completely altered to resemble the island of Kitty Hawk class carriers. And in October 1990 ENTERPRISE moved to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company for refueling and the Navy's largest complex overhaul ever attempted, being updated for service through 2015. ENTERPRISE completed its overhaul, the most extensive in U.S. Naval history, on Sept. 27, 1994.

In mid-January 1995, "Big E" returned to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company for a five month Selected Restricted Availability. The yard period involved upgrades to all of the combat and communications systems, intelligence suites, command and control capabilities, ventilation systems, berthing and dining areas, and underway replenishment equipment. In January 1997 Big "E" returned to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company for a six month Selected Restricted Availability. The focus of the yard period was habitability upgrades and various combat systems. An extended overhaul for the Enterprise began at Newport News Shipbuilding in 1999 and continued through mid-year 2000.

Upon her planned replacement by CVX-78 in 2013 she will be 52 years old.

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Specifications(詳敘)
Power Plant	Eight nuclear reactors, four shafts
Length, overall	1,101 feet 2 inches (335.64 meters)
Flight Deck Width	252 feet (75.6 meters)
Beam	133 feet (39.9 meters)
Displacement	89,600 tons (80,640 metric tons) full load
Speed	30+ knots (34.5 miles per hour)
Aircraft	85
Crew	Ship's Company: 3,350 - Air Wing 2,480
Armament	Sea Sparrow missiles 3 Phalanx CIWS 20mm mounts
Combat Systems	SPS-48C/E SPS-49 SPS-67 3 Mk91 Fire Control SLQ-29 EW WLR- 1 ESM WLR-11 ESM
Unit Operating Cost Annual Average	~$220,000,000 [source: [FY1996 VAMOSC]

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Ships(同級航艦)
Name	Number	Builder	Homeport	Ordered	Commissioned	Stricken
Enterprise	CVN 65	Newport News	Norfolk	15 Nov 1957	25 Nov 1961	2013

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CVN-65 Enterprise 電腦繪圖：

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CVN-65 Enterprise　圖集：

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武器數據:

美國Enterprise企業號航空母艦

空載/標準/滿載排水量:
75704噸/85000噸/93284噸

全長:
342.3公尺

全寬:
公尺

吃水:
11.9公尺

飛行甲板:
長331.6公尺,寬76.8公尺

動力來源:
8座A2W壓水堆，4台蒸汽輪機，4軸，280000馬力

最大速度:
32節

人員數:
3215人(軍官171人)-航空人員2480人(軍官358人)

續航力:

武裝:
三座海麻雀海對空飛彈發射裝置，三座MK-15方陣快炮

艦載機:
120架F-14,35架F/A-18，5架EA-6B,5架KA-6D，5架E-2C，10架S-3A/B,6架“海鷹”直升機

簡介:
企業號是世界上第一艘核動力航空母艦，它的問世使航空母艦的發展進入了新元。1964年，企業號進行了史無前例的環球航行，途中無需加油和再補給，歷時64天，總航程3萬多海浬，充分顯示了核動力的巨大作用。1982年，企業號進行了現代化改裝，更換了核燃料，延長了壽命，預計於2000年退出現役。

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企業號航空母艦 (CVN-65)
維基百科，自由的百科全書

企業號航空母艦（USS Enterprise CVN-65）是美國歷史上第八艘使用企業號為名的船隻，也是全世界第一艘使用核子反應爐作為動力來源的航空母艦。企業號是在1960年時正式完工下水，迄今為止仍是美國海軍的主力之一。綽號「Big E」的Enterprise雖然習慣上在中文環境中常被翻譯為「企業號」，但根據英美海軍過去慣於使用各種美德作為作戰船艦命名的習性，也有說法認為「進取號」「勇往號」才是這艘航母應該使用的正確翻譯方式。

企業號是同級船艦（企業級核動力航空母艦）中唯一的一艘。