《直接支援》- M102 105mm 輕型牽引榴彈炮

克里斯Chris

M102 105mm Lightweight Towed Howitzer
M102 105mm 輕型牽引榴彈炮




原文:

The M-102 105mm howitzer is used in air mobile (helicopter) and light infantry operations. The weapon carriage is lightweight welded aluminum, mounted on a variable recoil mechanism. The weapon is manually loaded and positioned, and can be towed by a 2 ton truck or High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), can be transported by UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters, or can be dropped by parachute with airborne units.


When emplaced, the howitzer's high volume of fire compensates in large measure for the lower explosive weight of the projectile compared to the Army's 155mm and 8-inch howitzers. Since 1964, the Army has acquired 1,150 M-102 towed howitzers. This weapon is being replaced by the M-119-series 105mm howitzer

The 105-mm howitzer M102 is a lightweight towed weapon, which has a very low silhouette when in the firing position. The M102 howitzer fires a 33-pound projectile of semifixed ammunition and at charge 7 will fire 11,500 meters. It has a muzzle velocity of 494 meters per second. The maximum rate of fire is 10 rounds per minute for the first 3 minutes, with a sustained rate: 3 rounds per minute.

克里斯Chris

M102式105毫米榴彈炮於1965年正式裝備美軍輕型師，並在交付部隊後立即使用於越南戰場。

然而，現在美軍正規軍中只有空降師、空中機動師和其它某些指定部隊還裝備有這種榴彈炮，並作為直接支援武器使用。

此外，巴西、沙特阿拉伯、南朝鮮等也有裝備這種榴彈炮。


(完)

克里斯Chris

上架、下架和大架合一，高低機與平衡機合一，採用鳥胸骨閉架式大架和迫擊炮座盤，簡化了結構，改善了受力條件，除後坐部分為鋼製件外，其餘大多為鋁制件。火炮重量由原來的2260千克減到1400千克。


該炮是為了適應空降部隊和空中機動部隊作戰的需要而誕生的。

1965年12月完成首批生產，1966年初在越南戰場上首次使用，現裝備美軍空降師、空中機動師和其它一些部隊。


每個M102榴彈炮營有3個連，每連編有8門炮。


該炮共生產了1200多門，除美國外，法國、巴西、韓國、馬來西亞、越南等國都裝備有此炮。

該炮目前已停產，取代它的是M119式105毫米輕型榴彈炮。

克里斯Chris

數據:

克里斯Chris

武器介紹:


美國M－102式榴彈炮





美國製造，石島兵工廠１９６１年開始研製，１９６４年定型生產的１０５毫米輕型牽引火炮，次年裝備部隊，用以取代Ｍ－１０１式１０５毫米榴彈炮。

可用汽車牽引或直升機吊運。


裝備空降師和空中機動師炮兵團。每團３營炮５４門。

可３６０度環射，鋁合金結構，重量輕，機動性好，適應熱帶叢林地作戰，曾在越南戰爭中使用。


將為Ｌ－１１９式取代。使用國巴西、土耳其、越南。生產總量１２００門，已停產。

克里斯Chris

M102 105mm Lightweight Towed Howitzer :

克里斯Chris

續:




There are two lifting brackets to connect slings to, when the howitzer is being lifted by helicopter. A third bracket is located on front yoke. The carriage handles are used by crew members to lifting and shifting the howitzer during loading, unloading, and emplacing the howitzer.

The firing platform attaches to the howitzer lower carriage by using a socket and a locking handle. The eight holes are for the stakes needed to stake the howitzer in position. Platform stakes are issued in three sizes. There are 4 fifteen inch stakes issued. These are used for frozen or rocky terrain, and are normally issued only where needed, such as extremely cold areas. There are 8 twenty four inch stakes issued, and they are used for hard packed ground. Thirty eight inch stakes are used for soft ground and there are 4 issued.

REFERENCES TM 9-100-202-14, TM 9-1015-234-12, TM 9-1015-234-10, AND LO 9-1015-234-10.

克里斯Chris

續:



A roller tire attached to the trail assembly of the M102 permits the weapon to be rotated 6,400 mils around a firing platform, which provides the pivot for the weapon. The weapon can be elevated from -89 mils(-5 degrees) to a maximum of 1,333 mils (75 degrees). The panoramic telescope has a four power, fixed focus optical system, with 178 mils field of view. It contains dry nitrogen gas to retard fogging and condensation. The parallax shield used during boresighting protects the lens.


The trails are made of aluminum alloy. They are a single box trail in wishbone shape, and serve three purposes, which are: MOBILITY, STABILITY, and STOWAGE OF SECTION EQUIPMENT. The lunette is the towing pintle that allows the weapon to be connected to the vehicle. When towing, vehicle has a fixed or seized tow pintle; remove the lock plate located under the lunette. The drawbar has two positions. The drawbar is lowered for travel, and raised for firing.