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這是轉貼自RK BBS德軍論壇的文章(舊文嚕......)
因此可能有薛人已經看過了,我有把伊些名詞重新改過了.改成依些比較常聽到的名詞或是我們的說法.
二戰十大戰車排名榜
前言:
友人從網路上找到此文，原文作者按主砲、裝甲、越野及機械性能、生產難易及
實戰經驗；排列出二戰中十大戰車排名榜，特譯出供大家欣賞。
[作者可能是英國人]
The Top 10 Tanks of World War Two
Well here they are, the 10 best tanks of World War Two in my opinion
and evaluation. They were evaluated on the following criteria: Main
gun, armor, off-road and mechani-cal performance, ease of production
and battle experience. Honorable mentions below.
第十名M26潘興
可能有人認為潘興重戰車不應列入二戰十大名車。由於此車僅在戰爭後期出現，
參加的戰役有限，所以我能瞭解他們的想法。除此之外，潘興重戰車裝置了一門
90mm五十倍徑主砲，這是戰時美國最好的反戰車砲；它的裝甲也厚於當時的任何
美國戰車。潘興重戰車有十分優良的機械及越野性能，並獲得「伏虎戰車」的美
名。潘興戰車的生產遠比德國的虎式容易，由於出場太晚，戰蹟有限，因此屈列
十大名車榜末。
#10 M26 Pershing Some may argue that the M26 Pershing should not be
ranked. I understand why. The reasoning is simple: limited combat,
late war entry. Aside from that, this American heavy tank mounted the
best American anti-tank gun, a 90mm L/50 main gun. The armor of a
Pershing was thicker than any American tank of the war. It had
excellent mechanics and off-road performance. The Pershing was
nicknamed the " Tiger Tamer " and for good reasons. For the Pershing
to be easier to produce than Tigers was as-tounding. This tank slips
to the number 10 spot for being late into the war and seeing little
combat.
第九名M4A3E8薛曼
這是美國生產的薛曼戰車中最佳的一型。配置一門優良的76mm
五十四倍徑主砲；其裝甲薄弱，因此不敵德軍的虎式或豹式戰車
，但對抗德軍的四號戰車則沒有任何問題。此型戰車機械情況優
良，一如其他早期薛曼產品。薛曼戰車機械可靠性及耐久性優於
二次大戰中所有戰車，薛曼易於大量生產，因此足以上榜。
#9 M4A3E8 Sherman The best American version of the Sherman was this
tank. It mounted an excellent 76mm L/54 gun. The armor of this tank
was, however still not up to par with the Panthers or Tigers, but was
sufficient for dealing with Pz-IV's. The mechanics of this tank were
excellent, just as all the previous Shermans. The Shermans had the
best mechanical endurance and reliability of any tank during the war.
The M4A3E8 Sherman was easily produced as with all the other versions
making it one of the 10 best tanks of WWII.
第八名T-34/76
T-34/76 可說救了蘇聯一命。四一年德進攻蘇聯時，所有的德軍戰車都比不上
T-34/76，這情形一直到豹式戰車出現時才有改善。初時，此戰車的76mm主
砲在戰場上十分有效。T-34/76 的裝甲還不錯，並且是第一種應用傾斜裝甲設
計的戰車。它的越野性能及機械性能也優於同期的德軍戰車。T-34/76易於大
量生產，二次大戰中蘇聯總計生產了約四萬輛之多。此戰車經久耐用，因而上榜。
#8 T-34/76 The T-34/76 may be credited with saving the Russians. It
was a tank that had no German counterparts equal to it until the
Panther. The 76.2mm gun was very ef-fective against all German tanks
at first. The armor was rea-sonably thick and was the first tank to
introduce sloped ar-mor. The off-road performance and mechanical
workings of the T-34/76 tank series was also better than the German
panzers at the time. The ease of production for the T-34/76 resulted
in some 40,000 of all types being produced. This rugged little tank
has earned its spot on the top 10 tanks list.
第七名德國四號H型
四號戰車是二次大戰中德軍使用數量最多的戰車。四號戰車經過幾次改進，H型
要算最好了。它的裝甲比薛曼戰車厚、75mm四十八倍長砲比也優於薛曼的76m
m五十四倍徑長砲。四號戰車速度高，比其他所有德國重戰車都快,並且有十分可
靠的機械性能。H型是四號戰車中產量最高的一型。除了俄國的T-34/85及英國
的螢火蟲戰車外，H型四號戰車是二次大戰中最佳可以用來擔任反戰車任務的中
型戰車。
#7 PZ-IVH The Pz-IV series was the mainstay of the Ger-man Panzerwaffe
throughout the war. The Pz-IV saw many variants，but this ausf. was
the best. It had better armor than its Sherman counterpart. The 75mm
L/48 was better than the M4a3e8 Sherman's main gun also. The Pz-IVH
had good speed, faster than all the German heavy tanks. Its mechanical
performance was excellent. The Pz-IVH was produced in more numbers
than any other Pz-IV. Besides the T-34/85 and Firefly, this was the
best anti-tank medium tank of the war.
第六名T-34/85
此戰車是T-34/76的改進型，為其重新設計了一個砲塔，安裝較大的85mm五十
三倍徑主砲；也加加厚了裝甲。T-34/85的越野性能一如早期的T-34/76。此車
極易生產，蘇聯總計製造了一萬二千多輛。T-34/85威力強大，是蘇聯在二次大
戰中最主要的戰車。
#6 T-34/85 The Russian T-34/85 was an up-gunned T-34/76 with a new
turret to accommodate the larger 85mm L/53 gun. The T-34/85 had good
all around armor that was even better than previous versions. The
off-road abilities of the T-34/85 equaled that of earlier versions.
The tank was so easy to produce that the Russians built some 12,000 of
these formidable tanks. The T-34/85 rightfully earned its place as the
Russians main tank.
第五名薛曼螢火蟲式
這是薛曼戰車的英國改進型，安裝了一門十七磅的主砲，威力直比虎式戰車
使用的88mm五十六倍徑的戰車砲。此改進型戰車的裝甲較德軍的虎式或
豹式戰車薄弱，這是其最大缺點；其機械及越野性能與美製薛爾曼戰車一般。
由於在西歐戰場上盟軍戰車的砲火威力較德軍戰車為弱，薛曼螢火蟲戰車是盟
軍最佳的反戰車武器。
#5 Sherman Firefly This British adaptation of the Sherman was the most
deadly, mounting the 17 pounder gun which was equal to the performance
of the Tiger's 88mm L/56 gun. The main problem with a Firefly was its
thin armor when compared with its German counterparts. The mechanics
and off-road abilities are equal to a normal Shermans. The Fire-fly
was the best all around anti-tank tank of the Second World War for the
Western Allies who most often found themselves under-gunned.
第四名虎式
此為德國第一種重型戰車。虎式戰車在戰場出現時；對盟軍戰車兵心理影響大
到不可想像的程度。虎式戰車使用由88mm高砲改進的主砲是當時最佳的戰車
砲。它的裝甲極厚，早期的盟軍戰車極難將其擊穿。虎式戰車易生機械故障，
它比豹式戰車速度慢。雖然虎式戰車性能優良，但其要性可能被有些人過份誇
大了。
#4 Tiger The Germans first true heavy tank. The Tiger has been
somewhat of a mystical tank. It's ability to strike fear into the
hearts of Allied tankers is uncanny. It's adaptaion of the 88mm FlaK
gun was the best gun of its time until intro-duction of others. The
armor of a Tiger was so thick that the early Western Allied tanks had
an extremely hard time to knock it out. The Tiger had its share of
mechanical prob-lems and was not as fast as a Panther. The Tiger was
an ex-cellent weapon，but may be overrated by some people.
第三名史達林二型戰車
這是俄國的最佳戰車。自從四四年四月初次出現後，各處前線皆要求供應。史達林
二型戰車裝甲厚、使用的122mm主砲是此排名單上威力第二的戰車砲。此型戰車
產量達二千二百五十輛，是史達林重型戰車的主要生產品。史達林二型戰車可與虎
式二型戰車打成平手，對付豹式戰車則易如反掌。但其單位造價昂貴和惡劣機械性
能是其不能列入第一、第二名的原因。
#3 JS-II The best Russian tank to see combat. After its ini-tial debut
in April 1944, the JS-II was in demand all along the Russian front. It
had very thick armor and a 122mm gun. The JS-II's 122mm gun is the
second most deadly on this list. The JS-II became the Soviet's main
production model of the JS series, eventually having 2,250 produced.
The JS-II was a match for a King Tiger and even more than a match for
a Tiger or a Panther. It's high production cost and worse mechanical
performance compared to the Panther G keep it from overtaking the 1
and 2 positions.
第二名虎式二型戰車
此型戰車重至六十九噸，是二次大戰中最重的戰車了。虎式二型造價昂貴，其裝甲
須要用最大口徑巨砲才能擊穿；配置的88mm七十一倍徑主砲可能是戰時最佳之戰
車砲。虎式二型速度太慢，其越野能力有限；不適用於快速攻擊行動，但是可以擔
任防禦的最佳戰車。其堅強的存和性是排名第二的主因。
#2 King Tiger The heaviest tank at 69 tons, it was also probably the
most formidable. Very expensive to produce with it's thick armor that
was only penetrable by the biggest guns. It mounted arguably the most
deadly tank gun of the war: the high velocity 88mm L/71 gun. Too slow
for swift offensives, it was the perfect defensive tank. Off-road
per-formance was marginal at best. The great toughness of the King
Tiger earns it the 2nd best tank of World War 2.
第一名G型豹式
不論從那方面看來G型豹式戰車都是二次大戰中最佳的戰車。豹式戰車初上戰場
時曾發生一些機械故障，但是後期G型豹式即將此問題解決。豹式戰車的75mm
七十倍徑主砲甚至比虎式戰車的88mm砲還要好。自從G型豹式的側面裝甲增厚
後，再加上它的優良正面裝甲；就不易被盟軍擊毀了。G型豹式速度快,具有良好
越野能力; 加上造價比虎式二型戰車低，所以排名第一。
#1 Panther G This is the all around best tank. It's early ver-sion
experienced some drive mechanism problems, but the G ausf. had all the
kinks worked out. The high velocity 75mm /L70 main gun was superior
even to the 88mm gun of the Tiger. With excellent armor in the front
and improved armor on the sides from previous versions, the Panther G
was hard to kill. It was fast and had good off-road abilities, coupled
with the fact that they were far cheaper to produce than the King
Tiger gave the Panther G the edge to win best all around tank.
兩名英國侯補戰車
The Honorable Mentions
Valentine 式英國戰車 (華倫泰)
此車速度慢，並且主砲口徑經常不及敵方。
Valentine Series British tank that served Britain during WWII,
however, slow and usually undergunned.
Matilda II式英國戰車 (馬蒂達)
這是英軍在北非對抗意大利軍隊使用的主要戰車。此車按一戰時代速度及裝甲
要求設計，因此已經落伍，並且主要是用來支援步兵。
Matilda II :British tank known as the "Queen of the Des-ert" against
the Italians. Design dates back to the tactics of WWI. Slow and
heavily armored for its time. Designed for infantry support.
後記
戰車排名見仁見智，譯者不敢茍同原文作者的看法。一個最主要的原因是原文作者
似偏重重型戰車，因為中型戰車才是在歐洲戰場上縱橫的主要戰車。
文中中型戰車基本上只有四種:
美國的薛曼、蘇聯的T-34、德國的四號及豹式。單就性能而言，薛曼及四號戰
車應屬第二流，但是薛曼在西歐戰場的重要性不容忽略。因此二戰中最佳戰車
只能由T-34及豹式分享，至於榜首屬誰,就請讀者自
行決定。
結論:還是德軍的裝甲部隊比較強,要不然怎麼能以一擋百 |
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發表於 05-2-6 17:46:10
