《兩棲作戰》- LPH-2 硫磺島(IWO JIMA)級兩棲攻擊艦

克里斯Chris

LPH-2 IWO JIMA class
LPH-2 硫磺島級兩棲攻擊艦


LPH: 直升機登陸艦


原文:

The seven IWO Jima class amphibious assault ships were built is to transport more than 1700 fully equipped Marine Assault Troops into combatr areas and land them by helocopter at designated inland points. This technique of vertical envelopment pioneered by the Navy-Marine Corps Team, exploits flexibility and suprise. The ships are capable of supporting a Marine Batallion Landing Team, it's armament, vehicles, equipment and a reinforced squadron of transport helicopters and various support personnel. Combat-ready Marinesare flown in-land behind the enemy's defenses by helicopters to isolate strategic strong points, disrupt communicatioins, and converge with beach landed Marines to gain ultimate control of their objective.


The ships also supports mine-sweeping operations with Helicopter Mine Countermeasure Squadrons and provides humanitarian assistance and a non-combatant evacuations of American Embassy personnel and citizens caught in civil-conflict overseas. Currently the USS Guam (LPH-9), homeported at Norfolk, VA, is the only remaining ship of this class in service. [Confusingly, the seven ships of this class were not sequentially numbered, with intervening numbers being assigned to ships of other classes converted to perform the amphibious assault mission].

克里斯Chris

續:

Deployed to the Persian Gulf as part of the military forces which ultimately would be used to drive Iraqi forces from Kuwait, on 30 October 1990 Iwo Jima (LPH 2) suffered a high-pressure steam leak that cost the lives of 10 of its crew, but repairs kept her fully operational. A steam turbine valve in the fireroom sustained a catastrophic mechanical failure.


This failure resulted in the release of superheated steam at a temperature of 850 degrees Fahrenheit into the fireroom. The Iwo was "stricken" in September 1995 and scrapped in Philadelphia, then towed upriver. The hulk was sold as scrap in August of 1996 for $140,000 to Mystic Shipping and Trading Co. and she was towed to New Orleans.

克里斯Chris

續:

USS Inchon served as a key element of the US Naval Amphibious Forces 1970 to 1994 in both the Atlantic and Pacific Fleet. Inchon was converted from an amphibious assault ship to a dedicated command, control and support ship for mine countermeasures operations. The contract to convert Inchon was awarded in November 1994 to Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc., Pascagoula, MS. USS Inchon was redesignated for its new mission on 24 May 1996 after undergoing a 15 month conversion and overhaul. Major changes were made to the Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence (C4I) system, with upgrades including the close-in weapons system (Phalanx) and various radars.

The ship supports an embarked composite helicopter squadron of eight CH-53E and two SAR/spotter helicopters. It provides an alongside support, resupply and repair facility for up to four Avenger (MCM 1) Class mine countermeasures ships and Osprey (MHC 1) Class coastal minehunters. It can support and accommodate four Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) groups with assigned equipment. Additionally it provides C4I facilities for the MCM group commander. New repair facilities and upgrades to older one were also added, giving the MSC 12 the ability to accomplish whatever repairs are necessary to weapons, LCACs, and aircraft in any theater of operation.

克里斯Chris

Specifications(數據)
Power Plant	Two boilers, one geared steam turbines, one shaft, 22,000 total shaft horsepower
Length	Overall Length: 598 ft Waterline Length: 556 ft
Flight Deck Width	104 feet (31.2 meters)
Beam	84 feet (25.2 meters)
Draft	Maximum Navigational Draft: 29 ft Draft Limit: 30 ft
Displacement	Light Displacement: 13465 tons Full Displacement: 19395 tons Dead Weight: 5930 tons
Speed	23 knots (26.5 miles per hour)
Aircraft	(actual mix depends upon mission) 11 - CH-53 Sea Stallion helicopters 20 - CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters 1 - UH-1 or SH-3 as SAR helicopters 3 - UH-1 Marine Corps helicopters 3 - AH-1 Marine Corps helicopters
Crew	Ships Company: 80 officers, 638 enlisted Marine Detachment: 1,750
Armament	2 - 20mm Phalanx CIWS
Unit Operating Cost Annual Average	~$32,500,000 [source: [FY1996 VAMOSC]

克里斯Chris

Ships(同級兩棲攻擊艦 )
Name	Number	Builder	Homeport	Ordered	Commissioned	Decommissioned
Iwo Jima	LPH 2	Puget Sound NSY	Norfolk	30 Jan 1958	26 Aug 1961	14 Jul 1993
Okinawa	LPH 3	Philadelphia NSY	San Diego	24 Oct 1958	14 Apr 1962	17 Dec 1992
Guadalcanal	LPH 7	Philadelphia NSY	Norfolk	21 Dec 1959	20 Jul 1963	31 Aug 1994
Guam	LPH 9	Philadelphia NSY	Norfolk	21 Sep 1961	16 Jan 1965	25 Aug 1998
Tripoli	LPH 10	Ingalls	San Diego	10 Dec 1962	06 Aug 1966	15 Sep 1995
New Orleans	LPH 11	Philadelphia NSY	San Diego	18 Dec 1964	16 Nov 1968	01 Oct 1997
Inchon	LPH 12	Converted to Mine Countermeasures Support Ship

NOTE: The LPH designation has been applied to a variety of dissimilar ships.

To further confuse matters, the numbering sequence is non-sequential.
LPH 1 was Block Island [ex CVE-106]
LPH 4-6 were converted Essex-class [CV-9] carriers
CV-40 Tarawa, an Essex-class [CV-9] carrier, operated with helicopters, without the LPH designation.

克里斯Chris

IWO JIMA 電腦繪圖:

克里斯Chris

LPH-2 IWO JIMA class 圖集:

克里斯Chris

武器數據:



硫磺島級兩棲攻擊艦


──by captain Picard

艦名/使用國 硫磺島級兩棲攻擊艦/美國
(Iwo Jima class)

承造國/承造廠 美國/
LPH-2──由Puget Sound NSY廠承造

LPH-3、7、9、11──由Philadelphia NSY廠承造

LPH-10、12──由Litton/Ingalls廠承造

尺寸（公尺） 長184 寬25.5 飛行甲板寬31.2 吃水9

排水量（ton) 輕載13465 滿載19395
動力系統/軸馬力 鍋爐＊2/22000
蒸汽渦輪＊1

單軸

航速（節） 23
續航力(海浬) 10000(20節)
偵測/電子戰系統 AN/SPS-40E 2D對空搜索雷達＊1

SPN-35A導航雷達＊1

AN/SPS-10/67平面搜索雷達＊1

SPN-43B航管雷達

AN/SLQ-32(V)2/3電子戰系統＊1

AN/SLQ-25魚雷反制系統＊1

MK-36干擾彈發射器(SRBOC)

射控/控制系統 MK-115射控雷達＊2

（LPH-3未裝）

克里斯Chris

人員 船員718 搭載部隊1750
艦載武裝 雙聯裝MK-33 三吋 50倍徑艦砲＊4

(其中兩門於1970~1974年間被拆除。LPH-12被改裝成MCS-12時將剩餘的兩門MK-33拆除)

MK-25 BPDMS海麻雀短程防空飛彈發射器＊2

(1970~1974年間加裝，取代兩門被拆的MK-33。LPH-3的兩具MK-25在1980年代換裝MK-15 CIWS時被拆除。LPH-12被改裝成MCS-12時將這兩具飛彈發射器拆除)

MK-15 方陣近迫武器系統＊2（CIWS）

(1980年代加裝）

MK-38 25mm機砲＊2

0.5吋機槍＊8

艦載機 CH-53運輸直昇機＊11

CH-46運輸直昇機＊20

AH-1T/W攻擊直昇機＊3

UH-1N通用直昇機＊3　

登陸載具 甲板吊掛──LCVP人員車輛登陸艇＊2(LPH-12)
姊妹艦 共七艘──
LPH-2 IWO JIMA

LPH-3 OKINAWA

LPH-7 GUADALCANAL

LPH-9 GUAM

LPH-10 TRIPOLI

LPH-11 NEW ORLEANS

LPH-12 (MCS-12 today) INCHON

備註 1961至1970年服役，LPH-12在1995年被改裝為掃雷指揮艦(MCS)，並更改編號為MCS-12。LPH-2~11從1992~1997年除役。


(以上資料來自:軍武狂人夢頁面庫存)

克里斯Chris

武器簡史:

  
美國：“硫磺島”級兩棲攻擊艦  


  該級共建7艘，是專為兩棲垂直攻擊作戰而設計建造的。


可運載1700名海軍陸戰隊員及其武器、裝備和輜重。其滿載排水量18042噸，艦長183.7米，艦寬25.6米，吃水7.9米，艦速23節，以20節航速行駛時的續航力為1000海裏，編制754人。裝有2座8聯裝MK25“海麻雀”導彈發射架，4門MK33雙76毫米/50身倍炮，2門20毫米MK16炮，可搭載1架CH-46(甲板或4架CH-53)、20架CH-46(機庫，或11架CH-53)直升機，必要時可載4架AV-8A型飛機。

艦上設有一個300張床位的醫院。